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Welding Basics

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     The first thing that will be discussed it the different Joints then the different positions.  There are 5 basic types of Joints there is the Butt Joint, Corner Joint, T-Joint, Lap Joint, and the Edge Joint.  Some of the Joints might include a Bevel with or without a Land (Root Face).  Another thing that must be defined to describe any joint would be the type of welding position.  The different welding positions are: Flat, Horizontal, Vertical and Overhead.  Each will also indicate whether it is a groove, fillet, etc.

     When you get ready to weld on a part it is important to make sure the weld size is correct.  This can be done by many different methods, I would recommend getting the book Design of Weldments by Omer W. Blodgett.  This book is a great resource and can help you in determining the weld sizes that you will need.  Also check with any code that you are designing to they may have a pre-determined weld size that you have to use.

The Butt Joint

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Butt Joint Configurations
     The Butt Joint is a common joint that is usually seen with a Bevel and a Land.  The Joint can have the pieces placed flush against each other, but more commonly has a root opening.  There are many different types of Butt Joints which are: Square, Single Bevel, Double Bevel, Single-V, Double Bevel, Closed Square, Single-J, Double-J, Single-U, and the Double-U.
     
     The Joint is welded in all the different positions and is almost always labeled as a groove weld.  It is commonly used in the pipe and sheet metal industries.  

The Corner Joint

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     The Corner Joint is where the two pieces form a V or L-shape.  The weld will be performed on the outside edge of the piece.  This is used often in the sheet metal industry.  The T-Joint is also welded in all the different positions.

The T-Joint

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     The T-Joint is where the 2 pieces come together to form a T-shape.  This joint is a very common joint and is considered to be a fillet type joint.  The weld is performed on the inside of the T-joint.  It sometimes will have a Beveled edge.  This joint can have a single Fillet, Double Fillet and a Single Bevel.

The Lap Joint

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     The Lap Joint is when you have to members actually lapping over each other.  This type of joint can have a Slot or Plug Weld, Fillet Weld or a Resistance Weld performed.  This type of joint is used regularly in the sheet metal industry.

The Edge Joint

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     The Edge Joint is where to members are placed side by side and welded on the edge.  

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